Many technical terms are used throughout this report in the keys and definitions. These technical terms, printed here in italics, are defined in this book in the section Diagnostic horizons and other differentiae.
Other technical terms are defined in other books:
- Horizon notations are defined by Clayden and Hewitt (1989).
- Soil morphology terms are defined by Milne et al. (1991).
- Classes of the US Soil Taxonomy are defined by Soil Survey Staff (1999).
- Soil colours are defined by Munsell Color Company (1975).
- Soil mineralogy classes are defined by Whitton and Childs (1989) or Childs, Palmer, and Ross (1990). Note that the soil mineralogy class names given here are based on the following control section: 25 cm to 100 cm or to a lithic or paralithic contact if shallower.
- Soil chemical terms are explained and the analytical methods are described by Blakemore, Searle, and Daly (1987). Note that soil pH measurements are made in water with a ratio of 1 part of soil to 2.5 parts of water, by weight.
- Soil physical terms are explained and the analytical methods are described by Gradwell and Birrell (1979).
- Many other soil science concepts and technical terms are explained, in a New Zealand context, by McLaren and Cameron (1990).
The following abbreviations are used for soil chemical terms.
CEC – Cation exchange capacity.
ECEC – Effective cation exchange capacity, which is the CEC at natural field pH, estimated by the sum of basic cations + KCl-extractable aluminium.
P retention – Phosphate retention.
Blakemore, L. C., P. L. Searle, and B. K. Daly. 1987.
“Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soils.” Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
http://doi.org.landcareresearch.idm.oclc.org/10.7931/DL1-SBSR-80.
Childs, C. W., R. W. P. Palmer, and C. W. Ross. 1990.
“Thick Iron Oxide Pans in Soils of Taranaki, New Zealand.” Soil Research 28 (2): 245–57.
https://doi.org/10.1071/SR9900245.
Clayden, B., and A. E. Hewitt. 1989.
“Horizon Notation for New Zealand Soils.” Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
https://landcareresearch.on.worldcat.org/oclc/154214630.
Gradwell, M. W., and K. S. Birrell. 1979.
“C. Methods for Physical Analysis of Soils.” Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
https://doi.org/10.7931/DL1-SBSR-10C.
McLaren, R. G., and K. C. Cameron. 1990.
Soil Science: An Introduction to the Properties and Management of New Zealand Soils. Auckland; New York: Oxford University Press.
https://landcareresearch.on.worldcat.org/oclc/22444423.
Milne, J. D. G., B. Clayden, P. L. Singleton, and A. D. Wilson. 1991.
Soil Description Handbook. 1st ed. Lower Hutt, New Zealand: New Zealand Department of Scientific; Industrial Research.
https://landcareresearch.on.worldcat.org/oclc/1255392569.
Munsell Color Company. 1975. Munsell Soil Color Charts. Baltimore, M.D.: Munsell Color Company.
Soil Survey Staff. 1999.
Soil Taxonomy: A Basic System of Soil Classification for Making and Interpreting Soil Surveys. 2nd ed. Agriculture Handbook 436. Washington D.C., USA: United States Department of Agriculture.
https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/soils/survey/class/taxonomy/.
Whitton, J. S., and Cyril Walter Childs. 1989.
“The New Zealand Experience in Applying the Soil Taxonomy (1975) Key to Mineralogy Classes, and, a Proposed Revision of the Key to Mineralogy Classes.” Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
http://doi.org/10.7931/DL1-LAB-CM14.